高电压技术简介

要确保电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)气(qi)设(she)(she)(she)备(bei)(bei)安(an)全可(ke)靠地(di)长期(qi)运(yun)行(xing)(xing)，就(jiu)要科学、妥(tuo)善地(di)解决外(wai)施电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)(包(bao)括工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)及各种过(guo)(guo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya))与电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)气(qi)设(she)(she)(she)备(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)气(qi)强(qiang)度(包(bao)括长期(qi)及短(duan)(duan)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de))之间的(de)(de)(de)矛盾(dun)。正常运(yun)行(xing)(xing)时(shi)，电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)气(qi)设(she)(she)(she)备(bei)(bei)绝(jue)(jue)缘(yuan)(yuan)是长期(qi)处于工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)之下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)；但(dan)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系统(tong)中的(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)有时(shi)会出现短(duan)(duan)时(shi)的(de)(de)(de)有害于绝(jue)(jue)缘(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)升高(gao)(gao)现象，即过(guo)(guo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)。常将过(guo)(guo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)分成两大类(lei)：一(yi)类(lei)为雷(lei)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)过(guo)(guo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)，指(zhi)设(she)(she)(she)备(bei)(bei)遭受雷(lei)击，或(huo)设(she)(she)(she)备(bei)(bei)附近发生雷(lei)击而感(gan)应产生的(de)(de)(de)过(guo)(guo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)；另(ling)一(yi)类(lei)为内部过(guo)(guo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)，指(zhi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)系统(tong)中由(you)于操作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)、事故、改变接线等引起的(de)(de)(de)过(guo)(guo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)。虽然过(guo)(guo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)时(shi)间一(yi)般很短(duan)(duan)，但(dan)幅(fu)值(zhi)比工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)高(gao)(gao)得(de)多，可(ke)能(neng)造(zao)成绝(jue)(jue)缘(yuan)(yuan)破坏。因而设(she)(she)(she)备(bei)(bei)绝(jue)(jue)缘(yuan)(yuan)除应能(neng)耐(nai)(nai)受正常工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)长期(qi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)以外(wai)，还必须能(neng)耐(nai)(nai)受过(guo)(guo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)。为确保电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)气(qi)设(she)(she)(she)备(bei)(bei)能(neng)安(an)全可(ke)靠地(di)运(yun)行(xing)(xing)，一(yi)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)应分析(xi)过(guo)(guo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)幅(fu)值(zhi)、波形等参数，采取有效措施降低或(huo)限制作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)于设(she)(she)(she)备(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)过(guo)(guo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya);另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)应设(she)(she)(she)法保证(zheng)及提(ti)高(gao)(gao)绝(jue)(jue)缘(yuan)(yuan)结构的(de)(de)(de)耐(nai)(nai)受电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)，确保它在短(duan)(duan)暂(zan)过(guo)(guo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)及长期(qi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)下(xia)都具有所期(qi)望的(de)(de)(de)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)气(qi)强(qiang)度。这两方(fang)面(mian)(mian)构成了(le)高(gao)(gao)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)技(ji)术(shu)的(de)(de)(de)主要内容。上述的(de)(de)(de)后(hou)一(yi)方(fang)面(mian)(mian)，包(bao)括如何提(ti)高(gao)(gao)设(she)(she)(she)备(bei)(bei)绝(jue)(jue)缘(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)耐(nai)(nai)受电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)压(ya)(ya)、设(she)(she)(she)计制造(zao)出先进(jin)的(de)(de)(de)绝(jue)(jue)缘(yuan)(yuan)结构、努力(li)(li)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)运(yun)行(xing)(xing)可(ke)靠性。

重要性

为了设计(ji)出技术先进、经济合(he)理(li)而(er)又安全可靠的绝(jue)缘(yuan)结构(gou)(gou)，首先必须掌握各类电(dian)(dian)(dian)介(jie)质在电(dian)(dian)(dian)场作用(yong)下(xia)的电(dian)(dian)(dian)气(qi)物理(li)性(xing)能，尤其在强(qiang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)场中的击(ji)穿特性(xing)及其规律；依此规律进行绝(jue)缘(yuan)结构(gou)(gou)的设计(ji):如选择(ze)结构(gou)(gou)型(xing)式(shi)、确定绝(jue)缘(yuan)尺寸等。其次，绝(jue)缘(yuan)的破坏取决于在外施电(dian)(dian)(dian)压下(xia)分配在该处的电(dian)(dian)(dian)场强(qiang)度，因此在满足电(dian)(dian)(dian)气(qi)设备(bei)基本要(yao)求的前提下(xia)，应设法改(gai)善绝(jue)缘(yuan)结构(gou)(gou)，使电(dian)(dian)(dian)场尽可能分布均匀。此外，还可引用(yong)新型(xing)绝(jue)缘(yuan)材料、改(gai)进制造工艺等以提高绝(jue)缘(yuan)的电(dian)(dian)(dian)气(qi)强(qiang)度。

为了保证设(she)备(bei)绝缘能安全可靠运(yun)行，无论在制(zhi)造厂或运(yun)行现场，必须保证一定(ding)的工艺条件，最后还应对绝缘进(jin)行各种检查及(ji)试验。

解决方案

北京航天伟创的LDJC-100kV计算机控制电压击穿试验仪 电气强度测试仪，可以测(ce)试各种绝缘材料在不(bu)同(tong)环境(jing)条(tiao)件(jian)下的电(dian)气(qi)强(qiang)度，帮助明确改善(shan)材料制(zhi)造(zao)工艺和结(jie)构(gou)的研究方向(xiang)。

 北京航天伟创的LDJC-100kV计算机控制电压击穿试验仪 电气强度测试仪